# Nexus Assessment ### **Full report** **Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services** \ DOI: > IPBES (2024). Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Full_Report.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Full_Report.ris). ### **Summary for Policymakers** **Summary for Policymakers of the Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services** \ DOI: > IPBES (2024). Summary for Policymakers of the Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. McElwee, P. D., Harrison, P. A., van Huysen, T. L., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Harmáčková, Z. V., Hayman, D. T. S., Herrero, M., Kumar, R., Ley, D., Mangalagiu, D., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., Pengue, W. A., Prist, P. R., Ricketts, T. H., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Saito, O., Selomane, O., Seppelt, R., Singh, P. K., Sitas, N., Smith, P., Vause, J., Molua, E. L., Zambrana-Torrelio, C., and Obura, D. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_SPM.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_SPM.ris). ### **Chapter 1** **Chapter 1: Introducing the nexus** \ DOI: > Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P., Phang, S. C., Zambrana-Torrelio, C., Enrico, L., Giraudoux, P., Jarvis, R. M., Karim, P. G., Rivera Ferre, M. G., Luque, S., Prescott, G. W., Sietz, D., Turetta, A. P. D., and Obura, D. (2024). Chapter 1: Introducing the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter1.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter1.ris). ### **Chapter 2** **Chapter 2: Status and past trends of interactions in the nexus** \ DOI: > Prist, P. R., Seppelt, R., Hayman, D. T. S., Molua, E. L., Arneth, A., Biber-Freudenberger, L., Bukvareva, E., Chaudhary, S., Dubey, P. K., Fischer, J., Földvári, G., Godoy-Faúndez, A., Howe, C., Hussain, A., Lorilla, R. S., Maire, E., Materu, S. F., Miyake, Y., Türkmen, A., and Vanham, D. (2024). Chapter 2: Status and past trends of interactions in the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, German. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter2.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter2.ris). ### **Chapter 3** **Chapter 3: Future interactions across the nexus** \ DOI: > Harmáčková, Z. V., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Selomane, O., Awuku-Sowah, E. M., Budiharta, S., Coll, M., Hales, S., Jung, M., Kumar, P., Leclère, D., Metaxas, A., Meirelles Oliveira , B., Nyelele, C., Owuor, M. A., Popp, A., Rashleigh, B., Thomas, S. M., Tsuchiya, K., Villamor, G., and Yue, T. X. (2024). Chapter 3: Future interactions across the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter3.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter3.ris). ### **Chapter 4** **Chapter 4: Policy and sociopolitical options across the nexus that could facilitate and accelerate the transition to a range of sustainable futures** \ DOI: > Mangalagiu D., Saito, O., Sitas, N., Dias, A. C. E., Felipe-Lucia, M. R., Filyushkina, A., Ghosh, S., Gonçalves, L. R., Hiwasaki, L., Kok, M. T. J., Lynch, A. J., Machado, M. R., Ometto, J. P., Pires, A. P. F., Rhodes, J. R., Vallet, A., and Xie, L. (2024). Chapter 4: Policy and sociopolitical options across the nexus that could facilitate and accelerate the transition to a range of sustainable futures. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter4.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter4.ris). ### **Chapter 5** **Chapter 5: Options for delivering sustainable approaches** \ DOI: > Ricketts, T. H., Herrero, M., Smith, P., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Kumar, R., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., Singh, P. K., Lavorel, S., Aboubakrine, M. W. M., Aguiar S., Akamani, K., Benedek, Z., Campbell, D., Castro-Díaz, R., Chaplin-Kramer, R., Cherubini, F., das Neves, C. G., De La Cruz, P., Díaz-José, J., Duchková, H., Dunnett, S., Santos, M. J., Gupta, H., Gyawali, D., Handa, C., Hill, S., Hori, M., Ito, A., Joshi, G. R., Keune, H., Khan, S., Koltz, A. M., Kouame, A. A., Kuiken, T., Kulmala, S., Lalika, M., Lee, K.-C., Llope, M., Mácová, K., Melo, F., Milano, F. A., Minaverry, C. M., Morand, S., Mustafa, M. A., Rafa, N., Rai, K. K., Reuben, R. C., Rosado-May, F. J., Samoilys M., Sandin, L., Simatele, M. D., Sivadas, D., Spierenburg, M., Tirado, M. C., Twongyirwe, R., Vale, M. M., Williams, D. R., Xu, X., and van Huysen, T. L. (2024). Chapter 5: Options for delivering sustainable approaches. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. > \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.ris). ### **Chapter 5.0** **Chapter 5.0: Options for delivering sustainable approaches - Introduction** \ DOI: > Ricketts, T. H., Herrero, M., Smith, P., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Kumar, R., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., Singh, P. K., and van Huysen, T. L. (2024). Chapter 5.0: Options for delivering sustainable approaches – Introduction. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.0.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.0.ris). ### **Chapter 5.1** **Chapter 5.1: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to biodiversity conservation, restoration and sustainable use** \ DOI: > Alonso Roldán, V., Lavorel, S., Aguiar S., Akamani K., Dunnett, S., Handa, C., Hill, S., Lee, K.-C., Mácová, K., Melo, F., Rai, K. K., Samoilys M., and Sivadas, D. (2024). Chapter 5.1: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to biodiversity conservation, restoration and sustainable use. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.1.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.1.ris). ### **Chapter 5.2** **Chapter 5.2: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to water** \ DOI: > Kumar, R., Pauker, C., Santos, M. J., Gyawali, D., Kouame, A. A., Kulmala, S., Lalika, M., Minaverry, C. M., Rafa, N., Sandin, L., and Simatele, M. D. (2024). Chapter 5.2: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to water. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. > \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.2.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.2.ris). ### **Chapter 5.3** **Chapter 5.3: Options for delivering sustainable food systems** \ DOI: > Barrios, E., DeClerck, F., Benedek, Z., Campbell, D., Castro-Díaz, R., Chaplin-Kramer, R., Joshi, G. R., Milano, F. A., Mustafa, M. A., Rosado-May, F. J., Spierenburg, M., Twongyirwe, R., and Williams, D. R. (2024). Chapter 5.3: Options for delivering sustainable food systems. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.3.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.3.ris). ### **Chapter 5.4** **Chapter 5.4: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to health** \ DOI: > McFarlane, R. A., Dasgupta, P., Aboubakrine, M. W. M., das Neves, C. G., De La Cruz, P., Keune, H., Koltz, A. M., Kuiken, T., Morand, S., and Reuben, R. C. (2024). Chapter 5.4: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to health. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.4.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.4.ris). ### **Chapter 5.5** **Chapter 5.5: Options for delivering biodiversity-related approaches to climate change, adaptation and mitigation, including relevant aspects of the energy system** \ DOI: > Singh, P. K., Smith, P., Cherubini, F., Díaz-José, J., Duchková, H., Gupta, H., Hori, M., Ito, A., Khan, S., Llope, M., Tirado, M. C., Vale, M. M., and Xu, X. (2024). Chapter 5: Options for delivering sustainable biodiversity-related approaches to climate change, adaptation and mitigation, including relevant aspects of the energy system. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.5.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.5.ris). ### **Chapter 5.6** **Chapter 5.6: Options for delivering sustainable approaches - Synthesis** \ DOI: > Ricketts, T. H., Herrero, M., Smith, P., van Huysen, T. L., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Kumar, R., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., and Singh, P. K. (2024). Chapter 5.6: Options for delivering sustainable approaches – Synthesis. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.6.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter5.6.ris). ### **Chapter 6** **Chapter 6: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to public and private finance for biodiversity-related elements of the nexus** \ DOI: > Ley, D., Vause, J., Pengue, W. A., Cavanagh, C. J., Eriksen, S. H., Kharrazi, A., Pacheco, A., Ahmed, I., Cisneros-Montemayor, A., De Palma, A., Glavovic, B. C., Iiyama, M., King-Okumu. C., Platais, G. H., Reda, F., Sangha, K. K., Schumacher, K., Tormáné Kovács, E., and Wong, G. Y. (2024). Chapter 6. Options for delivering sustainable approaches to public and private finance for biodiversity-related elements of the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter6.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter6.ris). ### **Chapter 7** **Chapter 7: Summary and synthesis of options, knowledge and technology gaps and capacity development** \ DOI: > McElwee, P. D., Sitas, N., Ley, D., Glavovic, B. C., Herrero, M., Biber-Freudenberger, L., Campbell, D., Cavanagh, C. J., Cherubini, F., Dasgupta, P., Eriksen, S. H., Harrison, P. A., Jarvis, R. M., Kuiken, T., Luque, S., Lynch, A. J., Mangalagiu, D., McFarlane, R. A., Phang, S. C., Prist, P. R., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Samoilys, M., Sangha, K. K., Selomane, O., Sietz, D., Smith, P., Spierenburg, M., Vallet, A., Williams, D. R., and Xie, L. (2024). Chapter 7: Summary and synthesis of options, knowledge and technology gaps and capacity development. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. McElwee, P. D., Harrison, P. A., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. \ > DOI: Download the [BibTex file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Bib/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter7.bib). Download the [RIS file here](https://ipbesdata.github.io/Citations/Nexus/Ris/Nexus_Assessment_Chapter7.ris).