Nexus Assessment
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Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services DOI:
IPBES (2024). Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Summary for Policymakers of the Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services DOI:
IPBES (2024). Summary for Policymakers of the Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. McElwee, P. D., Harrison, P. A., van Huysen, T. L., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Harmáčková, Z. V., Hayman, D. T. S., Herrero, M., Kumar, R., Ley, D., Mangalagiu, D., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., Pengue, W. A., Prist, P. R., Ricketts, T. H., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Saito, O., Selomane, O., Seppelt, R., Singh, P. K., Sitas, N., Smith, P., Vause, J., Molua, E. L., Zambrana-Torrelio, C., and Obura, D. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 1: Introducing the nexus DOI:
Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P., Phang, S. C., Zambrana-Torrelio, C., Enrico, L., Giraudoux, P., Jarvis, R. M., Karim, P. G., Rivera Ferre, M. G., Luque, S., Prescott, G. W., Sietz, D., Turetta, A. P. D., and Obura, D. (2024). Chapter 1: Introducing the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 2: Status and past trends of interactions in the nexus DOI:
Prist, P. R., Seppelt, R., Hayman, D. T. S., Molua, E. L., Arneth, A., Biber-Freudenberger, L., Bukvareva, E., Chaudhary, S., Dubey, P. K., Földvári, G., Godoy-Faúndez, A., Fischer, J., Howe, C., Hussain, A., Lorilla, R. S., Maire, E., Materu, S. F., Miyake, Y., Türkmen, A., and Vanham, D. (2024). Chapter 2: Status and past trends of interactions in the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, German. DOI:
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Chapter 3: Future interactions across the nexus DOI:
Harmáčková, Z. V., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Selomane, O., Awuku-Sowah, E. M., Budiharta, S., Coll, M., Hales, S., Jung, M., Kumar, P., Leclère, D., Metaxas, A., Meirelles Oliveira , B., Nyelele, C., Owuor, M. A., Popp, A., Rashleigh, B., Thomas, S. M., Tsuchiya, K., Villamor, G., and Yue, T. X. (2024). Chapter 3: Future interactions across the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 4: Policy and sociopolitical options across the nexus that could facilitate and accelerate the transition to a range of sustainable futures DOI:
Mangalagiu D., Saito, O., Sitas, N., Dias, A. C. E., Felipe-Lucia, M. R., Filyushkina, A., Ghosh, S., Gonçalves, L. R., Hiwasaki, L., Kok, M. T. J., Lynch, A. J., Machado, M. R., Ometto, J. P., Pires, A. P. F., Rhodes, J. R., Vallet, A., and Xie, L. (2024). Chapter 4: Policy and sociopolitical options across the nexus that could facilitate and accelerate the transition to a range of sustainable futures. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5: Options for delivering sustainable approaches DOI:
Ricketts, T. H., Herrero, M., Smith, P., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Kumar, R., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., Singh, P. K., Lavorel, S., Aboubakrine, M. W. M., Aguiar S., Akamani, K., Benedek, Z., Campbell, D., Castro-Díaz, R., Chaplin-Kramer, R., Cherubini, F., das Neves, C. G., De La Cruz, P., Díaz-José, J., Dunnett, S., Santos, M. J., Gupta, H., Gyawali, D., Handa, C., Hill, S., Hori, M., Ito, A., Joshi, G. R., Keune, H., Khan, S., Koltz, A. M., Kouame, A. A., Kuiken, T., Kulmala, S., Lalika, M., Lee, K.-C., Llope, M., Mácová, K., Melo, F., Milano, F. A., Minaverry, C. M., Morand, S., Mustafa, M. A., Rafa, N., Rai, K. K., Reuben, R. C., Rosado-May, F. J., Samoilys M., Sandin, L., Simatele, M. D., Sivadas, D., Spierenburg, M., Tirado, M. C., Twongyirwe, R., Vale, M. M., Williams, D. R., Xu, X., and van Huysen, T. L. (2024). Chapter 5: Options for delivering sustainable approaches. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5.0: Options for delivering sustainable approaches - Introduction DOI:
Ricketts, T. H., Herrero, M., Smith, P., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Kumar, R., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., Singh, P. K., and van Huysen, T. L. (2024). Chapter 5.0: Options for delivering sustainable approaches – Introduction. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5.1: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to biodiversity conservation, restoration and sustainable use DOI:
Alonso Roldán, V., Lavorel, S., Aguiar S., Akamani K., Dunnett, S., Handa, C., Hill, S., Lee, K.-C., Mácová, K., Melo, F., Rai, K. K., Samoilys M., and Sivadas, D. (2024). Chapter 5.1: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to biodiversity conservation, restoration and sustainable use. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5.2: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to water DOI:
Kumar, R., Pauker, C., Santos, M. J., Gyawali, D., Kouame, A. A., Kulmala, S., Lalika, M., Minaverry, C. M., Rafa, N., Sandin, L., and Simatele, M. D. (2024). Chapter 5.2: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to water. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5.3: Options for delivering sustainable food systems DOI:
Barrios, E., DeClerck, F., Benedek, Z., Campbell, D., Castro-Díaz, R., Chaplin-Kramer, R., Joshi, G. R., Milano, F. A., Mustafa, M. A., Rosado-May, F. J., Spierenburg, M., Twongyirwe, R., and Williams, D. R. (2024). Chapter 5.3: Options for delivering sustainable food systems. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5.4: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to health DOI:
McFarlane, R. A., Dasgupta, P., Aboubakrine, M. W. M., das Neves, C. G., De La Cruz, P., Keune, H., Koltz, A. M., Kuiken, T., Morand, S., and Reuben, R. C. (2024). Chapter 5.4: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to health. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5.5: Options for delivering biodiversity-related approaches to climate change, adaptation and mitigation, including relevant aspects of the energy system DOI:
Singh, P. K., Smith, P., Cherubini, F., Díaz-José, J., Duchková, H., Gupta, H., Hori, M., Ito, A., Khan, S., Llope, M., Tirado, M. C., Vale, M. M., and Xu, X. (2024). Chapter 5: Options for delivering sustainable biodiversity-related approaches to climate change, adaptation and mitigation, including relevant aspects of the energy system. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 5.6: Options for delivering sustainable approaches - Synthesis DOI:
Ricketts, T. H., Herrero, M., Smith, P., van Huysen, T. L., Alonso Roldán, V., Barrios, E., Dasgupta, P., DeClerck, F., Kumar, R., McFarlane, R. A., Paukert, C., and Singh, P. K. (2024). Chapter 5.6: Options for delivering sustainable approaches – Synthesis. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 6: Options for delivering sustainable approaches to public and private finance for biodiversity-related elements of the nexus DOI:
Vause, J., Ley, D., Pengue, W. A., Cavanagh, C. J., Eriksen, S. H., Kharrazi, A., Pacheco, A., Ahmed, I., Cisneros-Montemayor, A., De Palma, A., Glavovic, B. C., Iiyama, M., King-Okumu. C., Platais, G. H., Reda, F., Sangha, K. K., Schumacher, K., Tormáné Kovács, E., and Wong, G. Y. (2024). Chapter 6. Options for delivering sustainable approaches to public and private finance for biodiversity-related elements of the nexus. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Harrison, P. A., McElwee, P. D., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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Chapter 7: Summary and synthesis of options, knowledge and technology gaps and capacity development DOI:
McElwee, P. D., Sitas, N., Ley, D., Glavovic, B. C., Herrero, M., Biber-Freudenberger, L., Campbell, D., Cavanagh, C. J., Cherubini, F., Dasgupta, P., Eriksen, S. H., Harrison, P. A., Jarvis, R. M., Kuiken, T., Luque, S., Lynch, A. J., Mangalagiu, D., McFarlane, R. A., Phang, S. C., Prist, P. R., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Samoilys, M., Sangha, K. K., Selomane, O., Sietz, D., Smith, P., Spierenburg, M., Vallet, A., Williams, D. R., and Xie, L. (2024). Chapter 7: Summary and synthesis of options, knowledge and technology gaps and capacity development. In: Thematic Assessment Report on the Interlinkages among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. McElwee, P. D., Harrison, P. A., and van Huysen, T. L. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI:
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